Efek Natural Sound terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien Preoperasi: Systematic Literature Review

Madia Yuni  Ardani; Wilis Sukmaningtyas; Indri Heri  Susanti

doi:10.59395/altifani.v6i5.1375

Authors

Madia Yuni Ardani Program Studi Keperawatan Anestesiologi, Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Harapan Bangsa
Wilis Sukmaningtyas Program Studi Keperawatan Anestesiologi, Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Harapan Bangsa
Indri Heri Susanti Program Studi Profesi Ners, Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Harapan Bangsa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59395/altifani.v6i5.1375

Keywords:

Kecemasan, Preoperasi, suara alam

Abstract

Anestesi spinal berpotensi menimbulkan kecemasan tinggi karena mereka tetap terjaga sambil terpapar stimulus auditori dan visual di ruang operasi. Pengelolaan kecemasan preoperasi menjadi aspek penting dalam pelayanan anestesi. Intervensi nonfarmakologis berupa natural sound dikembangkan untuk menurunkan kecemasan preoperasi karena mudah diterapkan dan tidak menimbulkan efek samping farmakologis yang berisiko memperburuk kondisi pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA dengan memperhatikan kerangka PICOS. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa pemberian natural sound selama 30 menit dapat menurunkan kecemasan pasien preoperasi. Stimulus auditori suara alam bersifat menenangkan, menginduksi pelepasan neurotransmiter, serta memodulasi aktivitas sistem limbik, khususnya amigdala, sehingga merangsang regulasi emosi dan respons stres. Kecemasan juga dipengaruhi oleh usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan. Durasi pemberian natural sound terdiri atas pola pendek (20–30 menit) dan pola kontinu dengan frekuensi satu kali, yang diukur melalui instrumen APAIS dan STAI, menunjukkan penurunan kecemasan signifikan.

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